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Cyprus' Hidden Dangers: Processionary Caterpillars, Snakes & Grass Awns for Pets

9/2/2026

Overview

Cyprus enjoys a Mediterranean climate that supports a rich variety of wildlife, but some of that wildlife can pose serious risks to dogs and cats. The three most encountered hazards are the pine processionary caterpillar (Thaumetopoea pityocampa), the island’s few venomous snakes, and the barbed grass awns (often called “foxtails”) that embed in paws, ears and noses.

Processionary Pine Caterpillars

Where they appear

  • Pine forests around Troodos Mountains, Akamas Peninsula, and the pine plantations near Paphos, Limassol, and Larnaca.
  • Peak activity: late winter to early spring (February‑April) when the caterpillars descend from nests in long “processions”.

Why they are dangerous

  • Their tiny hairs contain thaumetopoein, a potent irritant. Contact causes severe dermatitis, swelling of the muzzle, tongue and throat, and can lead to respiratory distress if inhaled.
  • Pets that sniff or lick the caterpillars can suffer rapid allergic reactions; in extreme cases, necrosis of the tongue requires surgical removal.

Prevention & first aid

  • Keep dogs on a short lead when walking through pine woods during the high‑risk months.
  • Avoid letting pets investigate fallen nests or the silken “procession” lines.
  • If contact occurs, rinse the affected area with copious cool water, prevent the animal from licking, and seek veterinary care immediately. Do not apply home remedies such as vinegar or oil.

Venomous Snakes of Cyprus

Species present

  • Blunt‑nosed viper (Macrovipera lebetina) – the only dangerously venomous snake on the island. Found in rocky scrub, olive groves and near stone walls across the Paphos, Limassol, Nicosia and Famagusta districts.
  • Cat snake (Telescopus fallax) – mildly venomous, rarely a threat to pets but can bite if provoked.

Risk periods

  • Spring and early summer (March‑June) when snakes emerge from hibernation and are more active during warm evenings.

What to do if bitten

  1. Keep the pet as still as possible to slow venom spread.
  2. Immobilise the bitten limb (if a leg) below heart level.
  3. Do not apply a tourniquet, ice, or attempt to suck out venom.
  4. Transport to the nearest veterinary clinic immediately — clinics in Nicosia, Limassol, Paphos and Larnaca stock antivenom for viper bites.

Reducing encounters

  • Clear garden debris, wood piles and tall grass where snakes hide.
  • Seal gaps under doors and around foundations.
  • Use a flashlight on evening walks; snakes are more visible at night.

Grass Awns (Foxtails) – The Silent Invaders

Common habitats

  • Dry, open fields and roadside verges throughout the island, especially in the Mesaoria plain, Akrotiri salt lake surroundings, and the agricultural belts around Larnaca and Famagusta.
  • Season: late spring to early autumn (May‑October) when grasses set seed.

How they harm pets

  • The barbed awns attach to fur and migrate inward, penetrating skin, ears, nostrils, eyes, and even the respiratory tract.
  • Signs: persistent sneezing, head shaking, paw licking, swelling, or sudden lameness.

Removal & prevention

  • After each outdoor outing, run a fine‑toothed comb through the coat, paying special attention to paws, ears and under the tail.
  • Trim long hair between toes and around ears during the high‑season.
  • If an awn is visible, grasp it with tweezers close to the skin and pull straight out; do not push it deeper.
  • For deep or multiple embeddings, seek veterinary assistance — sedation may be required for safe extraction.

Quick‑Reference Checklist for Pet Owners

  • Spring (Feb‑Apr): Watch for processionary caterpillars in pine areas; keep leads short.
  • Spring‑Early Summer (Mar‑Jun): Be snake‑aware on rocky trails; clear yard debris.
  • Late Spring‑Autumn (May‑Oct): Comb for grass awns after every walk; trim vulnerable hair.
  • All year: Carry a basic pet first‑aid kit (saline rinse, tweezers, antiseptic wipes) and know the nearest 24‑hour vet clinic in your city.

Local Resources

  • Veterinary clinics in Nicosia, Limassol, Paphos, Larnaca, and Famagusta provide emergency care for envenomation and awn removal.
  • PetCY directory lists nearby vet pharmacies for antihistamines and wound‑care supplies.
  • Lost/Found pet alerts on PetCY can help reunite pets that bolt after a painful encounter.

Staying informed and proactive lets you enjoy Cyprus’ beautiful outdoors while keeping your four‑legged companions safe.